Welcome to Yin Xu (殷墟), or Yin Ruins. Yin Ruins is the site of Yin, the last capital of China’s Shang Dynasty (1559–1046 BCE), and the first ancient capital confirmed by historical records. Famous for its oracle bones and royal tombs, Yin Xu is often called the cradle of Chinese archaeology and is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
This guide is made for first-time foreign visitors and covers everything you need to explore the site with confidence—from how to get there and what to see, to tips on tickets, food, and accommodation.
1. Why Visit Yin Xu? A Journey into Ancient China’s Hidden Past
So, why should you add Yin Xu to your China travel list? First, this isn’t just any set of ruins—it’s the ancient last capital of the Shang Dynasty (1559–1046 BCE), and the first documented capital in Chinese history confirmed by both texts and excavations.
In 2006, UNESCO named Yin Xu a World Cultural Heritage Site. Why? Because it holds the keys to understanding early Chinese writing, bronze craftsmanship, and ancient urban life.
Here’s what makes it truly special. Over 150,000 oracle bones were unearthed here—more than 90% of China’s total finds. These bones hold the earliest known Chinese characters, making Yin Xu the true birthplace of Chinese writing.
Next, there’s the bronze. The museum showcases a replica of the Simuwu Ding, the world’s heaviest bronze artifact at 875 kg. The real one rests in Beijing, but the copy here is just as breathtaking.
Additionally, Yin Xu offers a full look at a Shang capital. You’ll see palace ruins, royal tombs, workshops, and neighborhoods—all in one place.
Don’t miss the brand-new museum, opened in 2024. It features 4,000 artifacts, with 75% displayed for the first time, including major discoveries from recent royal tomb excavations.
2. How to Get to Yin Xu & Practical Info
Getting to Yin Xu in Anyang is easier than you might expect. Although Anyang doesn’t have its own international airport, it’s well-connected by high-speed rail.
First, the best flight option is to Zhengzhou Xinzheng International Airport (CGO). From there, take a high-speed train to Anyang—it takes just about 50 minutes. You can also drive or take a coach, but that’s slower (around 2 hours).
Next, if you’re already in China, hop on a high-speed train to Anyang East Station. Direct trains run from Beijing (2.5 hrs), Zhengzhou (50 mins), and Xi’an (3.5 hrs).
Once in Anyang, getting around is simple. Taxis are cheap (starting at ¥6), and rides to Yin Xu cost about ¥15–30. Alternatively, buses like routes 1, 11, and 18 go straight to the Yin Xu Museum (New Hall). A free shuttle also runs between the palace/temple site and the royal tombs every 30 minutes.
For language, bring help. The museum offers English audio guides (about ¥30) and has some English signs. Still, translation apps like Google Translate or Youdao can make things much smoother.
Now for tickets and hours. The Yin Xu Museum costs ¥80 and is open 8:30–17:30 (last ticket at 16:30). The Palace & Temple Ruins are ¥50, while the Royal Tombs are included. Look out for combo tickets (around ¥120) on select platforms.
Tip: Always check closing times, especially for last admission—they close about an hour early!
3. What to See at Yin Xu: A Deep Dive into Its Three Must-See Sites
Yin Xu isn’t just one site—it’s a fascinating complex with three major highlights. Each one tells a different part of the Shang Dynasty story. Let’s explore them one by one.
1) Yin Xu Museum (New Hall) 殷墟博物馆新馆
📍 Intersection of Fangzhi Road and Shachang Road, Yindu District, Anyang
安阳市殷都区纺织路与纱厂路交叉口
⏰ Plan 3–4 hours here
Opened in 2024, this modern museum is the best place to start your journey. First, step into the “Exploring Shang Civilization” exhibit. It walks you through Yin Xu’s discovery and showcases oracle bones and bronze artifacts.
Next, visit “The Great Shang Civilization” hall. You’ll see a replica of the massive Simuwu Ding, stunning bronzes from Lady Fu Hao’s tomb, and even a Shang-era chariot.
Then, compare the Shang with Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia in “The Shang and the World” section.
Yachang Ox-shaped Zun
Unearthed from the Tomb of Yachang in Anyang, Henan, this ox-shaped zun was a ritual vessel used in sacrificial ceremonies during the Shang Dynasty.
Don’t miss the “Tomb of General Yachang”, filled with jade and weapons, or the oracle bone exhibit that includes a Shang prince’s divination record—yes, even ancient “sick notes”!
Finally, enjoy immersive tech. 3D displays bring artifacts to life, and the XR Battle Experience lets you step into a Shang-era ambush.
2) Yinxu Palace and Temple Ruins 殷墟宫殿宗庙遗址
📍 No. 1 Yin Xu Road, Yindu District 安阳市殷都区殷墟路1号
⏰ Plan 2 hours here
This is where the royal life of the Shang Dynasty unfolded. Start with the famous Tomb of Lady Fu Hao, queen and general, where 1,928 burial items were found—including 468 bronzes and 755 jade pieces.
Next, stroll through the Oracle Bone Forest, where ancient writing comes alive on stone monuments.
Then, check out the Chariot Pits, showcasing real horse-drawn carts from the era.
Also, don’t miss the YH127 pit, where over 17,000 oracle bones were found. Many call it China’s earliest archive.
3) Yinxu Royal Tombs Historic Site 殷墟王陵遗址（司母戊鼎出土处）
📍 1 km west of Xiaoying Village, Yindu District 安阳市殷都区小营村西1000米
⏰ Plan 1 hour here
This area holds 13 massive royal tombs. These were built for kings and nobles, and their size is impressive.
Additionally, you’ll find over 2,000 sacrificial pits, offering a sobering look into ancient burial customs.
This site is also where the legendary Simuwu Ding was discovered. While the real one is in Beijing, you’ll find a lifelike replica here that’s just as striking.
4. Practical Travel Tips: Make the Most of Your Yin Xu Visit
Planning ahead makes all the difference. Here’s how to enjoy Yin Xu with ease.
🚌 Best Route to Explore
Start your day early. The Yin Xu Museum (New Hall) opens at 8:30 AM—get there right at opening to beat the crowds. Next, take the free shuttle to the Palace and Temple Ruins, then ride on to the Royal Tombs Site. Afterward, catch the shuttle back to the museum for a second look or a relaxed finish.
🍃 Best Time to Visit
Spring and autumn—April to May or September to October—offer mild weather and perfect conditions for walking. Summer can get hot, but the museum is air-conditioned. Winter brings fewer visitors but colder air.
🍴 Local Food to Try
Don’t miss Sanbuzhan, a sweet dish made from egg, starch, and sugar. Try Daokou roast chicken, a juicy, flavorful local favorite. For breakfast, grab a bowl of Bianfencai, a unique local noodle soup.
🏨 Where to Stay
Stay near Yin Xu at Wanda Realm or Ji Hotel for easy access. For a city-center stay, Anyang Hotel is a good pick near the Chinese Character Museum.
🌟 Other Must-Sees
Visit the Chinese Character Museum, the world’s first writing-themed museum. Also, explore Red Flag Canal and Taihang Grand Canyon for incredible nature and engineering wonders.
5. How to Plan a Perfect One-Day Tour
Only have one day in Anyang? No problem—here’s a simple itinerary to help you make the most of it:
- Morning: Start at the Yin Xu Museum (New Hall). Spend about 3 hours exploring its immersive exhibits and interactive displays.
- Lunch: Grab a bite at a nearby restaurant. Try local dishes like Daokou Roast Chicken or Bianfencai.
- Afternoon: Visit the Palace and Temple Ruins for around 2 hours, then head to the Royal Tombs Site for about 1 hour.
- Evening (optional): If you have time and energy, take a leisurely night walk along the Huan River. It’s a relaxing way to end your day.
Yin Xu is more than an archaeological site—it’s a living history book of the Shang Dynasty. Whether you’re a history buff, a culture lover, or just curious, you’ll find something meaningful here.
We hope this guide helps you enjoy a smooth, insightful, and unforgettable visit to Anyang. 🚀
