儒琴英语词组选自欧美报刊文章以及英语原文小说。坚持学习英语今日词组，有助于阅读和理解当今欧美主流媒体的新闻时事报道和英语文学作品。
儒琴英语词组（English Phrase of the Day）
deep state 深层国家，国中之国
英汉解释：
An alleged secret network of especially nonelected government officials and sometimes private entities (as in the financial services and defense industries) operating extralegally to influence and enact government policy（Merriam-Webster）
美国有着 deep state（深层国家）的强大团队。而这个团队的组成，即是一些没人知道的政企界幕后精英。他们存在的目的，就是跨过选民的利益，代表精英阶层干涉美国政治，并平衡国内政治力量。特朗普内政外交改革受阻，包括乌克兰电话门事件（被弹劾中），与这个 Deep state（深层国家）有着千丝万缕的关系。
原文举例：
The power of the deep state comes from experience, knowledge, relationships, insight, craft, special skills, traditions, and shared values. Together, these purported attributes make nameless bureaucrats into a supergovernment that is accountable to no one. That is a scary prospect.— — David Rothkopf
A New York Times article last month gushed that “over the last three weeks, the deep state has emerged from the shadows in the form of real live government officials, past and present … and provided evidence that largely backs up the still-anonymous whistleblower” on President Donald Trump’s phone call to the president of Ukraine. Times columnist James Stewart declared: “There is a deep state, there is a bureaucracy in our country who has pledged to respect the Constitution, respect the rule of law … protecting the American people.” Times editorial writer Michelle Cottle proclaimed that “the deep state is alive and well” and hailed it as “a collection of patriotic public servants.”
red flag law 红旗法
英汉解释：
a law allowing courts to prevent people who show signs of being adanger to themselves or to others from having access to firearms (as by ordering the seizure of weapons) (Merriam-Webster )
美国一些州已通过「极端危机保护令，保护令俗称「红旗法」，容许执法部门在认为持械人会对自己或他人构成危险时，警方有权没收他的枪械。
原文举例：
Colorado is the 15th state, in addition to Washington, D.C., to say “yes,” while another 21 have taken at least some steps toward adopting a so-called red flag law.
In 2018, more than 1,700 orders allowing guns to be seized for weeks, months or up to a year were issued by the courts under red flag laws, according to data compiled by the Associated Press. The figure could be higher, since California was not included in the data.
pain point 持续或反复出现的问题
英汉解释：
a persistent or recurring problem (as with a product or service) that frequently inconveniences or annoys customers (Merriam-Webster)
经常给顾客带来不便或烦恼的持续或反复出现的问题（如产品或服务）
持续或反复出现的问题 (不建议翻译成“痛点”，汉语语境的局限性）
原文举例：
When you’re in an established market, you have an established customer; their needs and pain points are clearly laid out on your competitors’ review sites.— Billy Polson （Merriam-Webster)
The president knows that gas prices are a pain point for Americans,” Psaki said. “That is why President Biden is opposed any proposals to raise the gas tax. And it is why we will continue to monitor prices. (argusmedia.com/28 May 2021)
haircut 资产价值的减少
a reduction in the value of an asset
原文举例：
… El Paso’s shareholders could be all but wiped out and bondholders could take a big haircut.— William P. Barrett （Merriam-Webster)
Holders of hybrid and subordinate bonds and preference shares in National Bank of Greece who did not participate in the bank’s debt-for-equity swap (LME) will have their holdings turn into common shares after a haircut, the Greek government said on Tuesday. （ Reuters/ Dec 8, 2015）
