儒琴英语文学词汇咀嚼《德伯家的苔丝》(Tess of the Durbervilles)一书的用词。 《苔丝》以哈代的威塞克斯为背景，是一部关于虚伪和双重标准的感人小说。托马斯·哈代（Thomas Hardy，1840—1928）, 英国诗人、小说家。他是横跨两个世纪的作家，早期和中期的创作以小说为主，继承和发扬了维多利亚时代的文学传统；晚年以其出色的诗歌开拓了英国20世纪的文学。
英语文学词汇 Literature Terms
intrinsically /ɪnˈtrɪnsɪkəli/
adverb：essentially, basically, fundamentally, constitutionally
本质上地；固有地，根本地
It was intrinsically different from the Vale of Little Dairies, Blackmoor Vale, which, save during her disastrous sojourn at Trantridge, she had exclusively known till now.
现在这个地方和有着小奶牛场黑荒原谷有本质上的不同，直到现在为止，除了她在特兰里奇度过的那段不幸的日子外，她只知道黑荒原谷。（第十七章）
ethereal /iˈθɪr.i.əl/
adj: intangible; delicate; heavenly; spiritual; light
轻飘的，缥缈的；优雅的；（尤指）超凡的
It lacked the intensely blue atmosphere of the rival vale, and its heavy soils and scents; the new air was clear, bracing, ethereal.
它缺乏与之相匹敌的那个山谷里的那种强烈的蔚蓝大气、厚重的土壤和芳香的气味， 它新鲜空气清新、爽快、飘渺。（第十七章）
invidious /ɪnˈvɪd.i.əs/
adj: of an unpleasant or objectionable nature; of a kind to cause harm or resentment, discontent, animosity, or envy
令人讨厌的; 引起伤害或怨恨的; 容易引起不满、仇恨或嫉妒的
Either the change in the quality of the air from heavy to light, or the scenes where there were no invidious eyes upon her, sent up her spirits wonderfully.
也许是空气的质地从浓重到淡雅，也许是因为换了场景，再也没有令人讨厌的眼光盯着她，她的精神就奇妙地振作起来了。（第十七章）
transmutation /ˌtræns.mjuːˈteɪ.ʃən/
noun: To change from one form, nature, substance, or state into another; transform
衍变，蜕变
Being even now only a young woman of twenty, one who mentally and sentimentally had not finished growing, it was impossible that any event should have left it upon her an impression that was not in time capable of transmutation.
作为在思想上和感情上都还没有完全成熟的一个二十岁的年轻姑娘，任何事情都不可能给她留下时光无法磨灭的印象的。（第十七章）
fetishistic /ˌfet̬.ɪˈʃɪs.tɪk/
adj: Worship of or belief in magical fetishes; Excessive attachment or regard.
恋物的，拜物的; 拜物教的
And probably the half-unconscious rhapsody was a Fetishistic utterance in a Monotheistic setting; women whose chief companions are the forms and forces of outdoor Nature retain in their souls far more of the Pagan fantasy of their remote forefathers than of the systematized religion taught their race at later date.
也许这半无意识的吟咏是一神论背景下的拜物教话语;以户外自然的形态和力量为主要伴侣的妇女，在她们的灵魂中保留的多半是她们遥远祖先的异教幻想，很少后来教给她们人类系统化的宗教。（第十七章）
phlegmatically /flegˈmætɪkəlɪ/
adv: Having or suggesting a calm, sluggish temperament; unemotional or apathetic.
平静地；冷静地; 冷淡地
The red and white herd nearest at hand, which had been phlegmatically waiting for the call, now trooped towards the steading in the background, their great bags of milk swinging under them as they walked.
苔丝身边那群红色和白色的牛群，在冷静地等待着召唤，开始在成群结队地向后面的牧场走去， 肚子下面的膨胀的乳房晃动着。（第十七章）
