The caisson ceilings in the Forbidden City are quite literally the “ceiling of ceilings” in traditional Chinese architecture.
Most visitors come for the grand palaces, priceless artifacts, and imperial history. But they don’t realize this, but the Forbidden City hides 21 caisson ceilings across its grand halls and quiet pavilions.
You’ll find them above the most sacred spaces—Taihedian (Hall of Supreme Harmony), Jiaotaidian (Hall of Union), and tucked away in places like Wanchunting Pavilion and Qianqiuting Pavilion in the Imperial Garden. Each one is a masterpiece, woven into the very heart of imperial life.
But here’s the catch—only a handful are open to the public. That’s what makes spotting them feel like a treasure hunt.
Every time I discover one, I feel like I’ve stepped into a secret part of the palace. A moment frozen in time, quietly waiting above.
So, if you’re wondering where to see caisson ceilings in the Forbidden City, come along—I’ll take you through the best spots, share some stories, and help you catch these hidden masterpieces before you walk right past them.
1. What Is a Caisson Ceiling?
Before we dive into where to see caisson ceilings in the Forbidden City, let’s talk about what they actually are.
A zaojing (藻井) —or caisson ceiling —is one of the most stunning features in traditional Chinese architecture. You’ll often find them at the center of palace or temple ceilings. At first glance, they might look like deep, decorative wells built into the roof.
But once you pause and look closer, they pull you in.
Layers of interlocking wooden brackets rise in a perfect circle or octagon, creating a kind of upward “funnel” shape. Every level is carved or painted in rich detail. And at the very top? Often, a golden dragon curls protectively in the center, gazing down like a celestial guardian.
These weren’t just for beauty. Caisson ceilings symbolized imperial power and divine connection. People once believed they could protect against fire and evil spirits.
To me, they feel like hidden gems in temples within the buildings themselves—full of stories, craftsmanship, and meaning. And once you spot your first one, you’ll find yourself looking up again and again.
That’s the magic of zaojing—part art, part mystery, all awe.
2. Best Places to See Caisson Ceilings in the Forbidden City
Tucked away behind palace walls and garden pavilions, these hidden ceilings reveal some of the Forbidden City’s most intricate beauty. Keep your eyes up—you won’t want to miss them.
1) Qianqiuting Pavilion 千秋亭藻井 – A Serene Surprise in the Imperial Garden
Let me start with one of my favorite quiet corners: Qianqiuting Pavilion (千秋亭). You’ll find it tucked away along the western path of the Imperial Garden, near Shenwu Gate (the Forbidden City’s north exit).
It’s easy to miss—especially with crowds swirling around the garden. But if you head there early, or just before closing, you’ll likely have it to yourself.
The pavilion is hexagonal, rebuilt during the late Qing Dynasty (1644 – 1911). So no, the zaojing here isn’t from the Ming era (1368 to 1644)—but don’t let that stop you.
Look up. The caisson ceiling here is beautifully done. A golden dragon coils at the center, surrounded by soft floral patterns. The colors are gentler than in the grand halls—more delicate, less dramatic—but perfect in the morning light.
For me, Qianqiuting Pavilion is one of the best places to see caisson ceilings in the Forbidden City—especially if you’re chasing a bit of peace and beauty, just off the main path.
2. Wanchunting Pavilion 万春亭藻井 – A Rare Glimpse of Ming-Era Glory
If you’re wondering where to see caisson ceilings in the Forbidden City that still carry the soul of centuries past—Wanchunting Pavilion (万春亭) is a must.
This quiet pavilion sits along the eastern path of the Imperial Garden, directly opposite Qianqiuting Pavilion. But what sets it apart? The caisson ceiling here is an original Ming Dynasty creation—one of the few that survived untouched.
It’s darker now, aged by time. The paint has faded, and the wood feels ancient under the dim light. But to me, that only adds to the magic.
You can clearly see the structure of the Forbidden City’s traditional caisson ceiling designs—layers of interlocking brackets, built entirely without nails.
Look up and you’ll find a bold, coiled dragon at the center. It’s powerful and raw—far more rugged than the polished Qing-style dragons. It feels like history breathing above you.
For a deeper appreciation, compare it with Qianqiuting Pavilion (千秋亭) on the west side. It’s a Qing Dynasty-era replica of Wanchunting Pavilion (万春亭). Beautiful, yes—but once you’ve seen the real thing, you’ll spot the difference right away.
This is where the past speaks in wood, color, and quiet strength.
3) Shoukang Palace 寿康宫藻井 – A Ceiling Fit for an Empress Dowager
If you’re looking for a quieter corner where to see caisson ceilings in the Forbidden City, Shoukang Palace (寿康宫) offers something special.
Tucked behind the Palace of Compassion and Tranquility (慈宁宫 Cining Palace / Cininggong), this place was built by Emperor Qianlong (1711 – 1799) as a retirement residence for his mother.
Unlike the grandeur of the throne halls, the caisson ceiling designs here are graceful and refined. Still luxurious—but with a softness that suits the palace’s purpose.
When I stepped inside, I immediately noticed the atmosphere shift. It felt calm. Intimate. I looked up, and there it was—a golden dragon circling at the center, surrounded by a repeated “shou” (longevity) motif.
The dragon held a hollow bronze sphere in its mouth, its surface coated in mercury. These orbs, often seen in imperial architecture, are called Xuanyuan Mirrors, (轩辕镜) more commonly known as “fire-warding pearls.” Most are shiny, silver-plated, and highly polished, catching the light like treasures.
But this one was different. Left in its natural bronze hue, it had a quiet dignity, its plainness setting it apart. In fact, this ancient bronze-colored Xuanyuan Mirror is the only one of its kind in the entire Forbidden City.
If you’re wondering where to see caisson ceilings in the Forbidden City that reflect the spiritual heart of the palace, this is it.
Almost every visitor focuses on what’s in the display cases. That’s understandable—but don’t be one of the 99% who miss the real treasure above.
Among all the Forbidden City caisson ceiling designs, this one stands out for its serenity. It doesn’t dazzle—it soothes.
4) Linxiting Pavilion ( 临溪亭藻井) – A Painted Ceiling Like No Other
You might pass by Linxiting without a second glance. From the outside, this small pavilion in the Cining Palace Garden doesn’t stand out. It looks like a quiet spot to rest, maybe watch koi in the pond or admire the flowers.
But step inside—and look up. That’s where the real surprise lives.
In a palace full of carved wooden caisson ceilings, this one breaks the rules. Unlike most Forbidden City caisson ceiling designs, which rise in layered woodwork, Linxiting’s ceiling is flat. It’s completely painted.
Right in the center, a golden dragon spreads across a square panel. The colors shimmer—bright reds, deep blues, soft greens. Delicate gold powder and raised paint give it an almost 3D effect. It’s bold, vivid, and absolutely unique.
When the sun filters in through the windows, the ceiling glows. For a moment, it feels like you’re standing beneath a silk painting brought to life.
If you’re wondering where to see caisson ceilings in the Forbidden City that defy expectations, this is the one. No dragons carved in wood. No soaring domes. Just light, color, and pure visual poetry.
I still think about it.
5. The Hall of Abstinence 斋宫藻井 – Serenity and Sacred Power Above
Some places in the Forbidden City feel louder than others—full of foot traffic and chatter. But Zhaigong (斋宫), the Hall of Abstinence, is different.
The caisson ceiling in Zhaigong (The Hall of Abstinence) is one of the most serene I’ve seen. No vivid colors. No overwhelming patterns. Just soft tones and clean lines.
At the center, a golden dragon coils within an elegant octagonal frame. It holds a pearl in its mouth, poised in mid-air. The dragon gleams, its body lean and full of motion. Around it, more dragons swirl across the beams—each one carved with subtle emotion. Fierce. Watchful. Calm.
This is not a showpiece. It’s a sanctuary. A place where even a visitor can feel the quiet weight of devotion.
If you’re wondering where to see caisson ceilings in the Forbidden City that reflect inner strength, this is where to go.
3. The Ones You Can’t Get Close To – But Shouldn’t Miss
Not all caisson ceilings in the Forbidden City can be seen up close. A few stay just out of reach—but still worth your time.
Taihedian, the Hall of Supreme Harmony, holds the most iconic caisson ceiling design in the entire Forbidden City. You’ll see it when you stand in front of the hall, peering through the open doors.
At the center of the ceiling, a golden dragon coils around the Xuanyuan Mirror, gripped tightly in its mouth. It’s massive. Fierce. Absolutely awe-inspiring—even from a distance.
I remember squinting into the shadows, heart beating faster as I caught sight of it. You feel the power, even across the threshold.
Then there’s Jiaotaidian, the Hall of Union—nestled quietly between the emperor’s and empress’s living quarters.
It’s easy to overlook, but the ceiling inside holds something extraordinary: a rare caisson design where a dragon and phoenix intertwine, suspended in a celestial dance. Together, they represent yin and yang, a perfect balance of power and harmony. It’s one of the only places in the Forbidden City where you’ll see these two symbols united in one design.
Unfortunately, like Taihedian, it’s closed to close-up viewing. You can only catch glimpses through the doorway. But don’t let that stop you.
Sometimes, just a moment is enough—a shape in the shadows, a flash of gold through the beams. You begin to imagine what it might feel like to stand beneath it, as an empress once did.
So if you’re keeping track of where to see caisson ceilings in the Forbidden City, don’t skip these two. Even from a distance, they’re unforgettable. They hint at a deeper world above, full of power, beauty, and quiet reverence.
4. Traveler’s Tips – How to See More by Looking Up
If there’s one tip I always share, it’s this: Look up. Then look up again.
The Forbidden City hides its most delicate beauty above eye level. The caisson ceilings, colorful beams, and old wooden plaques often go unnoticed in the rush.
So slow down. Let your eyes wander upward.
Bring a small monocular or compact binoculars if you have one. Some of the most intricate Forbidden City caisson ceiling designs are tucked high above the halls. A simple tool brings their details to life—tiny flowers, swirling dragons, hidden symbols.
Timing matters. I always aim for just after opening or around 3 p.m., when the tour groups thin out. That quiet makes all the difference.
Lighting counts, too. On cloudy days, the colors dull and shadows deepen. But when sunlight filters through pavilion windows on a clear day? Magic. That’s when the painted ceilings glow with life.
So yes—where to see caisson ceilings in the Forbidden City is important. But how you see them? That’s everything.
Don’t rush. Look up. Let the ceilings tell their stories.
Every time I walk through the Forbidden City, I’m reminded of this: the real magic is often overhead.
The caisson ceilings are more than decoration. They’re hidden gems in the Forbidden City, hidden worlds, carved by hand, shaped by belief, and meant to last for centuries.
Each one tells a story—of craftsmen who never signed their names, of emperors dreaming of heaven, of a culture that reached for the sky.
So next time you visit, slow down. Step into the quiet corners. Let your eyes wander upward.
That’s where to see caisson ceilings in the Forbidden City—not just on a map, but in moments of stillness, wonder, and discovery.
For me, they’ve become the palace’s secret stars.
Painted skies. Coiled dragons. Silent prayers.
They are the true veins of the dragon, pulsing quietly above the crowds.
And once you notice them, you’ll never stop looking up.
🌟Further Reading
How to Buy Forbidden City Tickets On‑Site: Maps & Travel Tips
Best Route to Visit Forbidden City: 3 Walking Routes & Maps
Avoid Crowds: When Not to Visit the Forbidden City
Eating Places inside the Forbidden City
Forbidden City Night View: A Guide for Visitors
Forbidden City Turret and Moat Photo Tips
Forbidden City Autumn Photography: Best Fall Color Photo Spots
Forbidden City Spring Blossoms: Best Photo Spots and Visitor Map
Where to See Caisson Ceilings in the Forbidden City
Forbidden City in a Wheelchair: Accessible Paths & Toilets
Toilets in the Forbidden City: Locations, Map & Tips for Visitors
