Nestled beside the majestic Forbidden City, Beihai Park often remains an undiscovered gem for many visitors to Beijing. Known to Westerners as the Winter Palace, this imperial garden holds the title of both the oldest and one of the largest of its kind in China. With a name translating to “North Sea,” the park was grandly termed in reference to its lake by royal families, connecting it symbolically to the imperial court.
Beihai Park’s rich history and cultural significance make it a must-visit destination for those exploring Beijing. Its proximity to the Forbidden City adds to its allure, offering a serene escape from the hustle and bustle of city life.
Beihai Park History and Major Attractions
Originally part of the “Xiyuan” or “West Garden” in the Qing Dynasty, Beihai Park’s origins trace back to 1166 during the Jin Dynasty. Over centuries, it witnessed numerous renovations under different dynasties, each adding layers to its rich history. In 1925, it opened its doors to the public, transforming from an imperial garden into a beloved public space.
At the heart of Beihai Park’s design lies the quest for immortality. Inspired by the legendary Penglai, Yingzhou, and Fangzhang mountains, believed to be the dwelling of gods possessing the elixir of life, the park features a unique layout of one pool and three “mountains.” This design reflects the emperors’ aspirations to discover the secret potion for eternal life.
The park has witnessed historical figures like Cixi Dowager, who often entertained guests at Jingxin House, showcasing its integral role in China’s imperial past.
Today, while Zhonghai and Nanhai are restricted as they house top Chinese officials, Beihai Park remains a public space, renowned for its stunning gardens, intricate stone maze, temples, pavilions, and the iconic White Dagoba atop Jade Island.
The White Dagoba, a significant landmark, stands on Jade Flowery Islet. Built in 1651 as a Tibetan Buddhist structure, it symbolizes the unification of Chinese ethnic groups and the Qing Dynasty’s commitment to Buddhism. Despite being destroyed and reconstructed twice, the 37-meter-tall dagoba, with its striking bronze umbrellas and bells, continues to captivate visitors.
Another marvel is the Nine-Dragon Screen, unique for its dragons displayed on both sides. Constructed in 1756, this 27-meter-long screen is an exquisite representation of ancient Chinese art, featuring 635 dragons in various postures crafted from seven-color glazed tiles.
Location and Layout
Positioned a mere 10-minute walk northeast of the Forbidden City, in the heart of Beijing, Beihai Park serves as a tranquil oasis amidst the city’s dynamic pace. The park is bordered by Zhongnanhai to the south, the Shichahai area to the north, and Jingshan (Coal Hill) to the east, offering a strategic location that intertwines with Beijing’s rich history.
Spanning over a vast area, the park is ingeniously designed, with half of its space dedicated to water bodies. This harmonious blend of architecture and nature exemplifies traditional Chinese garden design. Visitors can explore five main sections: Qiongdao (Jade Isle), East Shore, North Shore, Circular City, and the Arboretum, each offering unique experiences.
Access to this historical and natural wonderland is facilitated by four main gates: south, west, east, and north (also known as the back gate). These entrances not only provide convenience but also offer different perspectives and starting points for your journey through the park.
Optimal Entry Points and Travel Plans
Selecting the right entrance to Beihai Park greatly depends on your travel itinerary in Beijing. Each gate offers a unique pathway and experience. Here are some suggested travel plans incorporating Beihai Park:
- Tiananmen Square – Forbidden City – Beihai Park (South Main Gate): Start your day at Tiananmen Square, proceed to explore the Forbidden City, and then enter Beihai Park through the South Main Gate. After soaking in the park’s beauty, exit through the North Gate and head to Houhai (Shichahai) and the Drum Tower, then the Lama Temple.
- Lama Temple – Shichahai – Beihai Park (North Gate): Begin at the Lama Temple, explore Shichahai, and enter Beihai Park through the North Gate. Wander through Qiongdao and the Circular City, then exit through the South Main Gate.
- Jingshan Park – Beihai Park (East Gate): After visiting Jingshan Park, enter Beihai Park through the East Gate, and exit from the North Gate to visit Houhai (Shichahai).
- Beihai Park (South Main Gate) – Houhai (Shichahai): Enter Beihai Park through the South Main Gate, explore the scenic Qiongdao, and then exit through the North Gate to visit Houhai (Shichahai).
These plans offer a balanced mix of historical exploration and relaxing strolls in the park, ensuring a comprehensive Beijing experience.
Best Times to Visit
Best Time of Day: Mornings in Beihai Park are nothing short of magical. As Beijing awakens, the park comes alive with locals engaged in morning exercises, ranging from tai chi to spirited singing and dancing. These activities provide a glimpse into the daily life and culture of Beijing’s residents. Visitors are more than welcome to join in these communal activities, offering a unique and immersive experience.
After sunset, Beihai Park transforms into a beautifully lit wonderland, presenting a different charm. The nighttime view of the park, with its traditional Chinese landscape illuminated, offers a peaceful evening stroll and a romantic setting.
Best Time of Year: Beihai Park is a year-round destination, each season offering a distinct allure. In winter, it becomes a popular spot for ice skating, while in summer, it serves as a refreshing retreat. Spring adorns the park with a sea of flowers, and autumn frames the lake and Qionghua Island against a backdrop of blue skies and crisp air. Regardless of the season, Beihai Park offers a unique beauty and charm.
Culinary Experience at Beihai Fangshan Restaurant
A visit to Beihai Fangshan Restaurant offers a journey into the culinary history of imperial China. Located on Qiongdao Isle, accessible from the East Gate, this famed restaurant serves dishes once exclusive to Chinese emperors.
The term “Fangshan” translates to “imitation of royal meals,” and the restaurant prides itself on replicating these exquisite dishes with authentic flavors and presentation. Diners can expect a menu filled with unique delicacies, offering a taste of what was once prepared in the royal kitchens.
This gastronomic experience is not only a feast for the palate but also a cultural immersion, reflecting the rich history and culinary traditions of China’s imperial past. For reservations and inquiries, please contact the Sales Dept. Dining at Beihai Fangshan Restaurant is an opportunity to indulge in a meal fit for royalty, making it a must-visit for any food enthusiast exploring Beijing.
Accessing Beihai Park
North Gate (Back Gate): Accessible by Subway Line 6 and buses No. 13, 42, 107, 111, 118, 612, 701.
East Gate: Reachable by bus No. 5, alighting at West Banqiao station.
South Gate and West Gate: Serviced by buses 5, 101, 103, 109, 124, 128, Zhuan 1, Zhuan 2, with a stop at Beihai Station.
For those visiting the Forbidden City, a convenient option is to enter through the south entrance and exit through the north gate. A short 10-minute walk leads directly to Beihai Park, seamlessly integrating the visit to both landmarks.
Opening Times
- April, May, September, and October: 6:30 am to 8:30 pm.
- June, July, and August: 6:30 am to 10:00 pm.
- January, February, March, November, and December: 6:30 am to 8:00 pm.
Entrance Ticket
- General Entry: RMB 5 (Jan, Feb, Mar, Nov, Dec); RMB 10 (April – October).
- Beihai Park Through Ticket (includes Qionghua Islet and Circular City): RMB 20 (April – October); RMB 15 (Jan, Feb, Mar, Nov, Dec).
These tickets offer access to the park’s major attractions, allowing visitors to explore its rich history and natural beauty.
Boating Services in Beihai Park
The Taiye Pool in Beihai Park is a serene spot for boating, offering a rare opportunity to navigate a natural water body within Beijing. The clean and calm waters make for a perfect leisure activity. Here are the available options:
- Cartoon Battery Boat: RMB 160 per hour (Deposit: RMB 500).
- Rowing Boat: RMB 40 per person for half an hour; RMB 60 per person per hour.
- Big Gaily Decorated Boat: One-way ferry RMB 20 per person.
- Ferry Boat: RMB 10 per person; RMB 15 for a round trip.
Boating in Beihai Park is not just a relaxing experience but also offers a unique perspective of the park’s beauty from the water.
Beihai Park in Beijing is a fascinating blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. Whether you’re strolling through its ancient gardens, enjoying a boat ride on its serene lake, or savoring imperial cuisine at Fangshan Restaurant, the park offers a unique experience for every visitor.
With its convenient location and rich offerings, Beihai Park deserves a place on every traveler’s Beijing itinerary. Embrace the tranquility and beauty of this imperial garden, and let it be a highlight of your Beijing adventure.
